In 1917, the political vocabulary became an integral part of social conflict. It turned out that different groups interpreted the same terms differently: "democracy," "people," "bourgeoisie." How the language of the revolutionary era gradually turned into the alphabet of hatred for the impending civil war is discussed in the article by historian Konstantin Tarasov.

The ideas of the Enlightenment always sparked heated debates, and many, while accepting certain elements of the era's worldview, decisively rejected others. Where is your limit of Enlightenment? Take the test and find out who you resemble more: the reactionary de Maistre, the conservative Burke, the religious philosopher Hamann, or the romantic nationalist Herder.

In 1917, the Russian army found itself in a deep crisis. In the context of the ongoing war, unconventional methods were required to revive the military spirit. Thus, the concept of a volunteer revolutionary army emerged, which was intended to inspire the mobilized troops and eventually replace them entirely with volunteers. To find out how this experiment concluded, read the article by historian Konstantin Tarasov.

In the 1860s, a curious political experiment was undertaken in Mexico: a representative of the Habsburg dynasty, with the support of France, ascended the throne of the restored Mexican Empire to reconcile the rival factions of conservatives and liberals. How this became possible and what it led to — read in the article by Arsentiy Troparovsky.

Since the 1960s, a confrontation has been unfolding within the Catholic Church between modernists, who support the updated Mass, and traditionalists, who adhere to the old Tridentine Mass. With the ascension of the new pontiff Leo XIV to the papal throne, these disputes have only intensified.

The modern reader is likely to perceive the term "dictatorship" as synonymous with the words "despotism" and "tyranny," recalling the notorious regimes of the 20th century. However, for the Romans, this term was associated with entirely different things. To learn about how the Romans perceived dictatorship, how it functioned, and how it changed over time, read the article by historian Nikita Tsybikov.

In 1917, the political vocabulary became an integral part of social conflict. It turned out that different groups interpreted the same terms differently: "democracy," "people," "bourgeoisie." How the language of the revolutionary era gradually turned into the alphabet of hatred for the impending civil war is discussed in the article by historian Konstantin Tarasov.

Gladiatorial games are one of the most well-known attributes of ancient Roman civilization. In his material, historian Danil Golovin explains how the pagan emperors of Rome used gladiators to strengthen their own legitimacy, and how their Christian successors banned these bloody spectacles.

The Weimar Republic was a federal state, consisting by the end of its existence of 17 "Free States" with their own autonomous governments and regional parliaments called Landtags. The largest parties had a nationwide character. In some Free States, there were local parties, but they did not have a significant influence on imperial politics.

The Weimar Republic was a federal state, consisting by the end of its existence of 17 "Free States" with their own autonomous governments and regional parliaments called Landtags. The largest parties had a nationwide character. In some Free States, there were local parties, but they did not have a significant influence on imperial politics.

"In St. Petersburg, two types of architecture prevail: Greek and Roman," — this is how the capital of the Russian state was described by the prominent historian and local historian Ivan Ilyich Pushkaryov. The founder of the city, Emperor Peter, in an attempt to distance himself from the Moscow he disliked, which called itself the Third Rome, laid the foundation for a new ancient city on the northern shores of the Neva. Absorbing the entire "spirit" and longing for antiquity, St. Petersburg recreated it in the strict plans of its architectural ensembles, classical colonnades, and triumphal arches.

Travel blog from Sviyazhsk – an ancient Russian town on an island in the middle of the Volga, which allows you to immerse yourself in several eras of Russian history from the 16th to the 20th century. Test