As we can see, domestic imagology is quite closely focused on Russian-Polish relations of the Modern era. The coexistence of the two nations in an extremely tense atmosphere of rivalry and cooperation gave rise to a whole body of imagological sources from both sides. Differences in religion, language, and lifestyle formed a huge number of stereotypes. For Russian intellectuals of the Modern era, describing Poland as a cultural antipode became a tool either for justifying Russian imperial policy or for condemning it.

In conclusion, it should be noted that imagology also provides prospects for research that concerns not only nations and ethnic groups but also smaller communities.